Why Tranexamic Acid Has Become a Go-To for Stubborn Melasma

Key takeaways

• Tranexamic acid was originally a medical drug used to reduce bleeding, later found to also help calm melasma.
• Topically, it works by reducing the vascular and inflammatory triggers that drive melanocyte overactivity in melasma.
• It's typically used topically at around 2 to 5 percent, and is also sometimes prescribed orally under medical supervision.
• It complements rather than replaces other pigmentation treatments, often layered with vitamin C, azelaic acid or niacinamide.
• Melasma is notoriously stubborn and sun-reactive, so consistent sunscreen use is arguably more important than the active itself.